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RECORDED CLASSES CD 49 - US HISTORY MASSACRE IN COLORADO in Union-ruled Colorado Sand Creek Massacre November 29, 1864 infamy and shame peaceful village Southern Cheyenne Arapaho Indians on Sand Creek thought buffalo approaching blue-coated cavalry instead hurried out of tipis puzzled and alarmed these Indians were at peace some chiefs friendly with miners and settlers soldiers came ripping through creek crashing across ice-crusted pools charged directly into the village shooting and yelling like crazed men demolished tipis chased people

INDEX 1. Massacre in Colorado 444 2. Antietam 333 3. Civil War Timeline Eastern Theater 4 4. Sherman’s March 333 5. Civil War Timeline Western Theater 4 showed no mercy bewildered Cheyenne chief Black Kettle recognized white commanders Colonel Chivington took no prisoners deliberate massacre of peaceful Indians scalps and skins taken as souvenirs one of America's worst military scandals

ANTIETAM Meaning Clusters Robert E. Lee crossed the Potomac River and invaded Maryland. He divided his Army. McClellan knew that Union forces outnumbered Lee’s yet he acted tentatively. The Armies met at Antietam Creek, near Sharpsburg, Maryland on September 17, 1862. It became the bloodiest single day of the war. More than 4,000 died on both sides. 18,000 were wounded. McClellan failed to break Lee's lines or press the attack. Lee retreated across the Potomac with his army intact. Lincoln fired McClellan. Great Britain and France delayed their decision to recognize the Confederacy. The South never received diplomatic recognition or economic aid from Europe.

MEMORY TRIGGERS TESTS Robert E. Lee_______________________ ___________________________________ ______divided_______________________ ___________________________________ McClellan__________________________ ___________________________________ _______________Antietam____________ ___________________________________ ____________bloodiest________________ ___________________________________ ___________failed___________________ ___________________________________ ___________________Potomac_________ ___________________________________ Great Britain________________________ ___________________________________ ____________diplomatic______________ Source US State Department Speed Learning format by Carl Peterson ©2005

CIVIL WAR TIMELINE EASTERN THEATER 4 source National Park Service 1864 May 15 Battle of New Market May 16 Battle of Drewry's Bluff May 23 Battle of North Anna River May 31 Battle of Cold Harbor June 5 Battle of Piedmont June 11 Battle of Trevilian Station June 15 Battle of Petersburg June 17 Battle of Lynchburg June 18 to December 31 Siege of Petersburg June 23 to July 25 Speed Learning format by Carl Peterson ©2005

Jubal Early's Washington Raid July 9 Battle of Monocacy July 12 Battle of Fort Stevens July 24 Second Battle of Kernstown July 30 Battle of the Crater August 7 to October 19 Sheridan's Shenandoah Valley Campaign August 18 Battle of Weldon Railroad and Ream's Station September 29 Engagement at New Market Heights September 29 Battle of Fort Harrison (Chaffin's Farm) September 29 Battle of Peebles' Farm October 27 Battle of Burgess' Mill (Boydton Plank Road)

SHERMAN’S MARCH Meaning Clusters In the Fall of 1863 Union forces gained control of Tennessee. Victories at Chattanooga and Lookout Mountain, allowed the Union to invade Georgia. General William T. Sherman outmaneuvered several smaller Confederate armies. He occupied Atlanta. He employed the policy of “scorched earth.” He destroyed railroads, factories and warehouses as he marched to the Atlantic coast. His men plundered the South for supplies. Sherman marched northward along the Atlantic coast. By February 1865, he took Charleston, South Carolina. The march attacked the will and morale of the South. Sherman believed “total war” defeated the enemy more effectively than winning battles. Military historian Liddell Hart called him “the first modern general.”

MEMORY TRIGGERS TESTS ____________Union__________________ ___________________________________ ______________Chattanooga__________ ___________________________________ ___________William T. Sherman_______ ___________________________________ ______________________policy________ ___________________________________ _______destroyed____________________ ___________________________________ _________________plundered_________ ___________________________________ ________________Charleston__________ ___________________________________ ________________________morale_____ ___________________________________ ___________________“total war”______ ___________________________________ Source US State Department Speed Learning format by Carl Peterson ©2005

CIVIL WAR TIMELINE WESTERN THEATER 4 source National Park Service 1863 November to December Knoxville Campaign November 17 to December 4 Siege of Knoxville November 23 Battle of Chattanooga 1864 February 3 to March 4 Meridian Expedition February 20 Battle of Olustee (Ocean Pond) February 22 Battle of Okolona March 12 to May 20 Red River and Camden Campaigns March 23 to May 3 Camden Expedition April 8 Battle of Mansfield

April 9 Battle of Pleasant Hill April 12 Fort Pillow "massacre" April 30 Battle of Jenkins' Ferry May 7 to September 2 Sherman's Atlanta Campaign May 13 Battle of Resaca May 25 Battles of New Hope Church, Pickett's Mill, and Dallas. June 27 Battle of Kennesaw Mountain July 20 Battle of Peachtree Creek July 22 Battle of Atlanta July 28 Battle of Ezra Church Speed Learning format by Carl Peterson ©2005