Download Audio - part 1 Download Audio - part 2 Download Text

FLORENCE RENAISSANCE TIMELINE 1 Meaning Clusters Source NGA Speed Learning format by Carl Peterson ©2005 1400 The Medici family of merchants and bankers rises to power in Florence. Although no member of the family holds an official title until the sixteenth century their wealth and influence grant them virtual rule of Florence. Throughout the period they dominate the political, commercial and cultural life of the city. Under their patronage Florence becomes a center of humanist learning. Arts inspired by classical antiquity flourish in this period. 1403 Florentine sculptor Lorenzo Ghiberti wins a commission for the bronze doors of the Baptistery of San Giovanni, Florence. Many assistants in his workshop become great masters such as Michelozzo and Donatello.

INDEX Art 1 1. Florence Renaissance Timeline 1 444 2. Italian Baroque 1 333 3. Italian Baroque 2 333 4. Venetian Art 1 333 5. Florence Renaissance Timeline 1 444 1406 The republic of Pisa falls to Florentine rule. 1411 Donatello begins sculpting “Saint Mark” and “Saint George” for the guildhall of Orsanmichele in Florence. The “Saint Mark” conveys a realistic sense of mass and stands in a contrapposto pose. The “Saint George” depicts a warrior youth clearly inspired by classical ideals. Donatello pioneers schiacciato, a technique of carving in shallow relief. It uses perspective to produce an illusion of spatial depth. 1413 Filippo Brunelleschi develops systems of linear perspective and proportion. They are demonstrated by two panels depicting the Palazzo della Signoria and the Baptistery in Florence.

ITALIAN BAROQUE 1 Meaning Clusters Landscape, still life and gence pictures became subjects worthy of independent attention in 16^th and 17^th Century Italy. Elements of these had always been present. Landscape backdrops were prominent in religious and mythological subjects. Portrait painters used still life objects to define a sitter’s position, prestige or profession. Gence scenes appeared as background vignettes with moralizing undercurrents. Northern European landscapes offered a god’s eye view wide in scope and complete in detail. They were popular with Italian audiences. Vassari claimed, “There is no cobbler’s house without its landscape.” Northern landscapes inspired artists such as Raphael to focus greater attention on background settings. Italian landscape developed fully with the Carraci family. They renewed an emphasis on the careful observation of nature.

MEMORY TRIGGERS TESTS Landscape _________________________ ___________________________________ in _________________________________ Elements ___________________________ _________________________backdrops ___________________________________ Portrait ___________________________ ___________________________________ _________________scenes ___________ ___________________________________ Northern European _________________ ___________________________________ ____________________________ popular ___________________________________ Vassari ____________________________ ___________________________________ Northern __________________________ ___________________________________ Italy _______________________________ _____________________Carraci _______ ______ renewed _____________________ ___________________________________ Source NGA Speed Learning format by Carl Peterson ©2005

ITALIAN BAROQUE 2 Meaning Clusters In the 1600’s scientists focused on investigative methods. They replaced abstract theory with reason. At the same time, artists began to focus on plants, animals and man-made objects. They began painting still life. Global exploration increased interest in exotic goods. It also increased the need for accurate renderings of biological specimens. Trade and capitalism created a merchant class and a new picture-buying market. Dutch and Flemish artists evolved away from biblical and mythological themes. Italian genre artists followed by the late 1600’s. Paintings reflected actual experience. Subjects became less grand and often used humor. Scenes of peasants, street life and tavern brawls became common.

MEMORY TRIGGERS TESTS ________scientists__________________ ___________________________________ __________abstract__________________ ___________________________________ _____________focus__________________ ___________________________________ Global_____________________________ ___________________________________ _________________accurate___________ ___________________________________ Trade______________________________ ___________________________________ Dutch______________________________ ___________________________________ __________genre____________________ ___________________________________ Subjects____________________________ ___________________________________ Scenes______________________________ Source NGA Speed Learning format by Carl Peterson ©2005

VENETIAN ART 1 Meaning Clusters In the mid-1400’s Venice ruled the Mediterranean as if it were a Venetian lake. A thousand years of commerce from eastern trade routes made it rich. Venice’s position weakened with the loss of territory and trade. But Venetian artists maintained their prestige. They grounded their art in the senses with brilliant colors, glowing light and natural beauty. Byzantine influenced gold mosaics and iconlike images of the Virgin lingered in Venetian art. Increased contact with northern Europe introduced them to oil painting. Oil paints blend and they dry slowly. Their translucent layers capture and reflect light in a way unlike the flat opaque colors of tempera paints. The luminous colors of Giovanni Bellini would characterize Venetian painting for centuries to come.

MEMORY TRIGGERS TESTS Venice_____________________________ ___________________________________ _____________commerce_____________ ___________________________________ ______________weakened_____________ ___________________________________ __________artists____________________ ___________________________________ _________________senses_____________ ___________________________________ Byzantine___________________________ ___________________________________ _____________northern Europe________ ___________________________________ Oil paints___________________________ ___________________________________ translucent__________________________ ___________________________________ _____________Giovanni Bellini________ ___________________________________ Source NGA Speed Learning format by Carl Peterson ©2005

FLORENCE RENAISSANCE TIMELINE 1 1400 The Medici family of merchants and bankers rises to power in Florence. Although no member of the family holds an official title until the sixteenth century their wealth and influence grant them virtual rule of Florence. Throughout the period they dominate the political, commercial and cultural life of the city. Under their patronage Florence becomes a center of humanist learning. Arts inspired by classical antiquity flourish in this period. 1403 Florentine sculptor Lorenzo Ghiberti wins a commission for the bronze doors of the Baptistery of San Giovanni, Florence. Many assistants in his workshop become great masters such as Michelozzo and Donatello.

1406 The republic of Pisa falls to Florentine rule. 1411 Donatello begins sculpting “Saint Mark” and “Saint George” for the guildhall of Orsanmichele in Florence. The “Saint Mark” conveys a realistic sense of mass and stands in a contrapposto pose. The “Saint George” depicts a warrior youth clearly inspired by classical ideals. Donatello pioneers schiacciato, a technique of carving in shallow relief. It uses perspective to produce an illusion of spatial depth. 1413 Filippo Brunelleschi develops systems of linear perspective and proportion. They are demonstrated by two panels depicting the Palazzo della Signoria and the Baptistery in Florence. Source NGA Speed Learning format by Carl Peterson ©2005