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FLORENCE RENAISSANCE TIMELINE 2 Meaning Clusters Source NGA Speed Learning format by Carl Peterson ©2005 1418 Florentine citizens led by Giovanni di Bicci de' Medici rebuild the Church of San Lorenzo, an eleventh-century structure. The Medici commission Brunelleschi to construct a new nave, transept, several chapels and the domed sacristy. 1420 Masaccio creates a fresco of the Trinity for the Church of Santa Maria Novella in Florence. It applies Brunelleschi's theories of linear perspective to painting. A series of frescos for the Brancacci Chapel of Santa Maria del Carmine, in Florence depict figures of classical proportion and psychological depth. 1423 Gentile da Fabriano champions the International Gothic style in Florence and Siena. He completes his masterwork, the Adoration of the Magi altarpiece for the sacristy of Santa Trinità in Florence.

INDEX Art 2 1. Florence Renaissance Timeline 2 444 2. Florentine Art 1 333 3. Florentine Art 2 333 4. Florentine Art 3 33 5. Florence Renaissance Timeline 2 444 It displays naturalistic detail, softly luminous palette, dignity of form, and courtly elegance. 1424 Ghiberti completes San Giovanni’s north portal depicting scenes from the life of Christ. 1431 Fra Filippo Lippi leaves the Carmelite convent and earns great success with his lively and gracefully ornamental frescoes and easel paintings. 1432 Fra Angelico completes an altarpiece for the Church of San Domenico in Cortona. The central panel exemplifies elegance and delicacy of form. 1435 Architect and humanist Leon Battista Alberti writes a treatise “On Painting”. 1436 Brunelleschi completes the ribbed dome for the cathedral in Florence. Fra Angelico produces many frescoes for the convent interior of San Marco in Florence.

FLORENTINE ART 1 Meaning Clusters In the late 1400’s Florence’s woodcarvers outnumbered butchers. Art was a necessity of life regardless of personal wealth. In 1472, 54 workshops carved marble and stone. Florence employed 44 master gold and silver smiths and at least thirty master painters Wool and silk industries relied on their reputation for quality. The craftsmanship in Florence made discerning patrons of its merchants and financiers. Most commissions were for religious works. Many bankers funded altarpieces and chapels as a penance for usury. Patrons became increasingly interested in personal fame and worldly prestige. Mythological subjects appealed to audiences impressed by classical education. By the end of the century some art was made "for art's sake."

MEMORY TRIGGERS TESTS _____________1400’s_________________ ___________________________________ Art________________________________ ___________________________________ 54_________________________________ ___________________________________ ______________master_______________ ___________________________________ Wool_______________________________ ___________________________________ craftsmanship_______________________ ___________________________________ ______commissions__________________ ___________________________________ ______Bankers______________________ ___________________________________ Patrons____________________________ ___________________________________ Mythological________________________ ___________________________________ Source NGA Speed Learning format by Carl Peterson ©2005

FLORENTINE ART 2 Meaning Clusters The Medici family ruled 15th-century Florence. Although the city was a republic. Machiavelli called Lorenzo de' Medici "the greatest patron of literature and art that any prince has ever been." Lorenzo himself commissioned few major works. But he defined the artistic aesthetic. He imprinted the humanism of ancient Greece and Rome on the Florentine Renaissance. The Medici employed Sandro Botticelli. Botticelli's lyrical paintings matched the ideals of Florence's humanists. They saw beauty as a way to approach divine understanding. Botticelli defined his figures by line rather than model them in light and shadow. They float. Their drapery billows in graceful patterns.

MEMORY TRIGGERS TESTS Medici_____________________________ ___________________________________ _______city_________________________ ___________________________________ __________patron___________________ ___________________________________ Lorenzo____________________________ ___________________________________ imprinted___________________________ ___________________________________ _____________employed______________ ___________________________________ ________________ideals______________ ___________________________________ _________beauty____________________ ___________________________________ Botticelli____________________________ ___________________________________ Source NGA Speed Learning format by Carl Peterson ©2005

FLORENTINE ART 3 Meaning Clusters In the late 1400’s the Dominican friar Savonarola gave impassioned sermons. He attacked luxury and the amorality of ancient gods. Even Botticelli abandoned mythological subjects. Lorenzo de' Medici died in 1492. Economic and political disasters put Florence under the control of Savonarola's radical religious reformers. In 1497 he and his followers collected items suggesting immorality. Paintings and other works of art were burned in the “Bonfire of the Vanities”. Botticelli himself threw his paintings on the bonfire. Eventually Florence grew tired of Savonarola. During a sermon on Ascension Day a riot led to a revolt. Savonarola was excommunicated. Later he was hanged and burned in the same way he had condemned others.

MEMORY TRIGGERS TESTS ______Dominican____________________ ___________________________________ ______________luxury________________ ___________________________________ Lorenzo____________________________ ___________________________________ Economic___________________________ ___________________________________ ___________collected_________________ ___________________________________ _____burned________________________ ___________________________________ Botticelli____________________________ ___________________________________ ________Florence____________________ ___________________________________ Savonarola__________________________ ___________________________________ ________hanged_____________________ ___________________________________ source NGA Speed Learning format by Carl Peterson ©2005

FLORENCE RENAISSANCE TIMELINE 2 1418 Florentine citizens led by Giovanni di Bicci de' Medici rebuild the Church of San Lorenzo, an eleventh-century structure. The Medici commission Brunelleschi to construct a new nave, transept, several chapels and the domed sacristy. 1420 Masaccio creates a fresco of the Trinity for the Church of Santa Maria Novella in Florence. It applies Brunelleschi's theories of linear perspective to painting. A series of frescos for the Brancacci Chapel of Santa Maria del Carmine, in Florence depict figures of classical proportion and psychological depth. 1423 Gentile da Fabriano champions the International Gothic style in Florence and Siena. He completes his masterwork, the Adoration of the Magi altarpiece for the sacristy of Santa Trinità in Florence. Source NGA Speed Learning format by Carl Peterson ©2005

It displays naturalistic detail, softly luminous palette, dignity of form, and courtly elegance. 1424 Ghiberti completes San Giovanni’s north portal depicting scenes from the life of Christ. 1431 Fra Filippo Lippi leaves the Carmelite convent and earns great success with his lively and gracefully ornamental frescoes and easel paintings. 1432 Fra Angelico completes an altarpiece for the Church of San Domenico in Cortona. The central panel exemplifies elegance and delicacy of form. 1435 Architect and humanist Leon Battista Alberti writes a treatise “On Painting”. 1436 Brunelleschi completes the ribbed dome for the cathedral in Florence. Fra Angelico produces many frescoes for the convent interior of San Marco in Florence.